Self-regulation is not a mental ability or an academic performance skill; rather it is the self-directive process by which learners transform their mental abilities into academic skills.
- Zimmerman, B. J. (2002). Becoming a Self-Regulated Learner: An Overview. page 65.
There are many models of self-regulated learning in the literature. Among them, Zimmerman’s (2002) model of self-regulated learning which is based on the Social-Cognitive Learning Theory appears to be more widely used.
This model consists of three main phases,
Forethought： The individual determines objectives and makes relevant plans.
Performance：The individual executes strategies on the desired task and monitors the learning process.
Self-reflection：the individual assesses learning outputs or performances and regulates behaviors accordingly.
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